This module aims at introducing the basic forms of philosophical reasoning to students by inviting them to engage in several perennial questions in philosophy, e.g. How do you know anything? Does God exist? Do we have free will? Can machines think? What makes a piece of artwork art? And what is a meaningful life? For that purpose, we will illustrate how classical and contemporary philosophers formulate arguments and thought experiments supporting different answers to these questions, and to teach students to critically evaluate these arguments. Students will also learn to formulate and defend their own answers to these questions with well-formed arguments.